Disease also known as Lima beans yellow beans is due to eating beans and broad beans or smell the smell of pollen and bean induced acute anemia, jaundice and hemoglobinuria as the main clinical manifestations of the disease. More than 90% occurring in men, and most found in children under age 5. In the southwest, south, east and north China have been found all over, in the Guangdong, Sichuan, Guangxi, Hunan, Jiangxi to the most.
Erythrocyte glucose -6-- phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) has a genetic defect in the consumption of fresh green beans or bean pollen exposure occurs after both acute hemolytic anemia - bean disease. Pathogenic mechanisms are not yet very clear, but the genetic defects known to have sensitive red blood cells, a factor in the case of beans, caused by acute intravascular hemolysis.
[Clinical manifestations]
Early aversion to cold, fever, dizziness, fatigue, weakness, anorexia, abdominal pain, followed by jaundice, anemia, hemoglobin in urine, urine color was soy sauce, then fever, fatigue fatigue increased, sustainable 3 days or so. And hemolytic anemia occur at the same time, vomiting, diarrhea and abdominal pain increased, hepatomegaly, abnormal liver function, approximately 50% of patients with splenomegaly. Seen severe cases coma, convulsions and acute renal failure, if the aid is often less than 1 to 2 days at death.
[Diagnostic Methods]
1. Are eating beans green beans or inhalation of pollen history.
2. Clinical features:
① incubation period of several hours to 48 hours.
② performance poisoning: early aversion to cold, fever, dizziness, fatigue, weakness, anorexia, abdominal pain, followed by jaundice, anemia, hemoglobin in urine, urine color was soy sauce, then fever, fatigue fatigue increased, sustainable 3 around June.
③ The check: methemoglobin reduction test (MHb) to restore normal rates of> 75% (colorimetric method), broad bean MHb reduction rate in patients with 31% to 74% (genetic heterozygotes), with reduction rate "30% (pure zygosity); blood corpuscles with denatured globin (He Enzi bodies) can be more than 5% (normal is 0 to 0.28%).
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Friday, November 19, 2010
Von Willebrand
VWD von Willebrand referred to is second only to the most common hemophilia hereditary hemorrhagic disease. Childhood that is characterized by hemorrhagic tendency, prolonged bleeding time and factor Ⅷ content reduced. VWD is the lack of high molecular weight factor Ⅷ part, that Ⅷ R due. 1 Ⅷ R is autosomal, and Ⅷ: C is the X chromosome inherited.
Typical VWD only factor Ⅷ related antigen (Ⅷ R: Ag) that Ⅷ R antigen part of the activity decreased, and the factor Ⅷ Rui Situo enzyme cofactor (Ⅷ R: RCOF) reduced or lack of, and Ⅷ: C also reduced, but the extent as severe hemophilia. Ⅷ R: Ag and Ⅷ R: RCOF is between platelets and vascular endothelial and platelet adhesion between the important factor, is induced platelet aggregation from Rui Situo enzyme cofactor, since the lack of von Willebrand The factors that platelet adhesion and aggregation function has obstacles, prolonged bleeding time.
Von Willebrand mode of inheritance is autosomal dominant inheritance, individual subtypes of recessive inheritance. Incidence of both men and women, parents can pass, and some parents may be no bleeding patients. Von Willebrand more bleeding tendency in childhood, adulthood, only a small number of patients to clinical symptoms. Von Willebrand typical symptoms of bleeding in hemophilia similar, but lesser extent, but there are more serious. Condition can be mitigated with age.
Von Willebrand medicine is a "hyperlipidemia" Consumption "category. Its pathogenesis and hemophilia similar.
[Clinical manifestations of von Willebrand]
1. Have a family history: in line with autosomal dominant inheritance, which both men and women to the disease, both parents can be inherited. 2. Hemorrhagic tendency: a mucous membrane, subcutaneous bleeding, or menorrhagia, severe bleeding after surgery with or without history of a small number of joint, muscle bleeding, but generally no joint deformity.
[Von Willebrand diagnosis is based on]
(A) with or without family history, have a family history consistent with autosomal dominant or recessive inheritance.
(B) clinical there mucosa, skin, visceral bleeding, or menorrhagia history of trauma, surgery with or without abnormal bleeding history, a small number of patients can the relevant section of cavity, muscle or other parts of the bleeding.
(C) of the laboratory examination can help diagnose
1. Platelet morphology and count properly.
2. Prolonged bleeding or aspirin tolerance test was positive.
3. Platelet adhesion test extended or normal.
4. Activated partial thromboplastin time prolonged or normal.
5.vWF factor antigen (vWF: Ag) to reduce or normal.
6. Ⅷ coagulation factor activity (Ⅷ: C) reduced or normal.
7. Must exclude platelet dysfunction disease.
Typical VWD only factor Ⅷ related antigen (Ⅷ R: Ag) that Ⅷ R antigen part of the activity decreased, and the factor Ⅷ Rui Situo enzyme cofactor (Ⅷ R: RCOF) reduced or lack of, and Ⅷ: C also reduced, but the extent as severe hemophilia. Ⅷ R: Ag and Ⅷ R: RCOF is between platelets and vascular endothelial and platelet adhesion between the important factor, is induced platelet aggregation from Rui Situo enzyme cofactor, since the lack of von Willebrand The factors that platelet adhesion and aggregation function has obstacles, prolonged bleeding time.
Von Willebrand mode of inheritance is autosomal dominant inheritance, individual subtypes of recessive inheritance. Incidence of both men and women, parents can pass, and some parents may be no bleeding patients. Von Willebrand more bleeding tendency in childhood, adulthood, only a small number of patients to clinical symptoms. Von Willebrand typical symptoms of bleeding in hemophilia similar, but lesser extent, but there are more serious. Condition can be mitigated with age.
Von Willebrand medicine is a "hyperlipidemia" Consumption "category. Its pathogenesis and hemophilia similar.
[Clinical manifestations of von Willebrand]
1. Have a family history: in line with autosomal dominant inheritance, which both men and women to the disease, both parents can be inherited. 2. Hemorrhagic tendency: a mucous membrane, subcutaneous bleeding, or menorrhagia, severe bleeding after surgery with or without history of a small number of joint, muscle bleeding, but generally no joint deformity.
[Von Willebrand diagnosis is based on]
(A) with or without family history, have a family history consistent with autosomal dominant or recessive inheritance.
(B) clinical there mucosa, skin, visceral bleeding, or menorrhagia history of trauma, surgery with or without abnormal bleeding history, a small number of patients can the relevant section of cavity, muscle or other parts of the bleeding.
(C) of the laboratory examination can help diagnose
1. Platelet morphology and count properly.
2. Prolonged bleeding or aspirin tolerance test was positive.
3. Platelet adhesion test extended or normal.
4. Activated partial thromboplastin time prolonged or normal.
5.vWF factor antigen (vWF: Ag) to reduce or normal.
6. Ⅷ coagulation factor activity (Ⅷ: C) reduced or normal.
7. Must exclude platelet dysfunction disease.
Saturday, July 31, 2010
Period of bad breath how to do?
Every time period when many girls, not only upset, abdominal pain, uncomfortable, and always with oral mucosal ulcers and bad breath. This is how going on?
In fact, most of this situation is caused by the absence of menstruation, irregular menstruation and halitosis medical experts pointed out that a close relationship appears in the menstrual period and bad breath bad breath is not rare.
When menstrual disorders, low sex hormone levels, decreased resistance to oral tissue, easily lead to oral mucosal ulcers and bad breath.
In addition, the bad feelings will lead to endocrine disorders, menstrual disorders increased, the resulting "bad breath - bad mood - menstrual disorders," the vicious circle.
Menstrual period how to do bad breath
When you appear in menstrual symptoms such as menstrual disorders, to maintain a stable mood. Also pay attention to oral hygiene, avoid eating sour, hot, hot, cold and other irritating foods.
Ulcers on the oral mucosa, a desirable vitamin c, ground into powder in the ulcer surface scattering, allows the rapid healing of ulcers.
I suggest you go to obstetrics and gynecology, or medicine, as long as the cure of the menstrual disorders, other problems will disappear with understanding.
In fact, most of this situation is caused by the absence of menstruation, irregular menstruation and halitosis medical experts pointed out that a close relationship appears in the menstrual period and bad breath bad breath is not rare.
When menstrual disorders, low sex hormone levels, decreased resistance to oral tissue, easily lead to oral mucosal ulcers and bad breath.
In addition, the bad feelings will lead to endocrine disorders, menstrual disorders increased, the resulting "bad breath - bad mood - menstrual disorders," the vicious circle.
Menstrual period how to do bad breath
When you appear in menstrual symptoms such as menstrual disorders, to maintain a stable mood. Also pay attention to oral hygiene, avoid eating sour, hot, hot, cold and other irritating foods.
Ulcers on the oral mucosa, a desirable vitamin c, ground into powder in the ulcer surface scattering, allows the rapid healing of ulcers.
I suggest you go to obstetrics and gynecology, or medicine, as long as the cure of the menstrual disorders, other problems will disappear with understanding.
Friday, July 30, 2010
How to diagnosis and differential diagnosis of acute pelvic inflammatory disease
(A) direct smear secretion
Sampling for vaginal, cervical secretions, or urethral secretions, or peritoneal fluid (via the posterior vaginal fornix, abdominal, or laparoscopic access), so direct thin smear, dried with blue or Gram stain. Where PMN double within the gram-negative bacteria to see who was infected with gonorrhea. The detection rate for cervical gonococcal only
67% smear-negative and therefore can not exist other than gonorrhea, and positive smear is very specific. Microscopic examination of Chlamydia trachomatis monoclonal antibody fluorescein dye can be used, where the observed fluorescence microscope flashing dots of a star as the positive.
(B) the pathogens isolated from patients Ibid, immediately or in the 30s will be inoculated in the Thayer-Martin medium, 35 ℃ incubator training set 48h, in order to identify bacteria glycolysis. The new determination of the relative speed of Chlamydia enzyme instead of the traditional detection methods chlamydia, can also be used on mammalian cell culture for Chlamydia trachomatis antigen detection, the legal systems of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The average sensitivity of 89.5%, and 98.4% specificity.
Bacterial culture can also be other strains of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, and as the basis for selection of antibiotics.
(C) of the posterior fornix puncture
Puncture after the dome is the most common gynecological acute abdomen and valuable diagnostic methods. Through the puncture, and the resulting nest abdominal contents or the contents of the uterus rectum, such as the normal peritoneal fluid, blood (fresh, stale, coagulation wire, etc.), purulent secretions or pus, so diagnosis can be further defined, Microscopic examination of biopsy material and culture are essential.
(D) ultrasound is mainly B-type or gray scale ultrasound scanning, photo film, the technology for identification from the fallopian tube, ovarian and bowel adhesion formation in the mass or abscess with 85% accuracy. However mild or moderate degree of pelvic inflammatory disease is difficult in the B-ultrasound image in the show feature.
(E) laparoscopy, if not diffuse peritonitis, the patient is still generally good, laparoscopy can be suspected pelvic inflammatory disease or pelvic inflammatory disease and other patients in acute abdomen, laparoscopy was not only the diagnosis and differential diagnosis can also pelvic inflammatory disease extent preliminary determination.
(F) inspection of a male partner which helps women in the diagnosis of pelvic inflammatory disease. Desirability of their male partners to make a direct smear of urethral discharge Gonococcus staining or culture, if found positive, it is the strongest evidence, especially in the asymptomatic or the symptoms of mild to severe. Or more of the white blood cells can be found. If PID patients of all men with untreated, regardless of whether they had symptoms of urethritis, then obviously the reduction of recurrence is very significant.
Sampling for vaginal, cervical secretions, or urethral secretions, or peritoneal fluid (via the posterior vaginal fornix, abdominal, or laparoscopic access), so direct thin smear, dried with blue or Gram stain. Where PMN double within the gram-negative bacteria to see who was infected with gonorrhea. The detection rate for cervical gonococcal only
67% smear-negative and therefore can not exist other than gonorrhea, and positive smear is very specific. Microscopic examination of Chlamydia trachomatis monoclonal antibody fluorescein dye can be used, where the observed fluorescence microscope flashing dots of a star as the positive.
(B) the pathogens isolated from patients Ibid, immediately or in the 30s will be inoculated in the Thayer-Martin medium, 35 ℃ incubator training set 48h, in order to identify bacteria glycolysis. The new determination of the relative speed of Chlamydia enzyme instead of the traditional detection methods chlamydia, can also be used on mammalian cell culture for Chlamydia trachomatis antigen detection, the legal systems of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The average sensitivity of 89.5%, and 98.4% specificity.
Bacterial culture can also be other strains of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, and as the basis for selection of antibiotics.
(C) of the posterior fornix puncture
Puncture after the dome is the most common gynecological acute abdomen and valuable diagnostic methods. Through the puncture, and the resulting nest abdominal contents or the contents of the uterus rectum, such as the normal peritoneal fluid, blood (fresh, stale, coagulation wire, etc.), purulent secretions or pus, so diagnosis can be further defined, Microscopic examination of biopsy material and culture are essential.
(D) ultrasound is mainly B-type or gray scale ultrasound scanning, photo film, the technology for identification from the fallopian tube, ovarian and bowel adhesion formation in the mass or abscess with 85% accuracy. However mild or moderate degree of pelvic inflammatory disease is difficult in the B-ultrasound image in the show feature.
(E) laparoscopy, if not diffuse peritonitis, the patient is still generally good, laparoscopy can be suspected pelvic inflammatory disease or pelvic inflammatory disease and other patients in acute abdomen, laparoscopy was not only the diagnosis and differential diagnosis can also pelvic inflammatory disease extent preliminary determination.
(F) inspection of a male partner which helps women in the diagnosis of pelvic inflammatory disease. Desirability of their male partners to make a direct smear of urethral discharge Gonococcus staining or culture, if found positive, it is the strongest evidence, especially in the asymptomatic or the symptoms of mild to severe. Or more of the white blood cells can be found. If PID patients of all men with untreated, regardless of whether they had symptoms of urethritis, then obviously the reduction of recurrence is very significant.
Thursday, July 22, 2010
Six elderly cause dizziness
Dizziness is a common disease of the elderly. The reason is as follows:
1, anemic If dizziness, weakness, pale performance, go to the hospital should check to see whether the basin of blood. Health status, the presence of hematopoietic tissue in vivo aged volume and quality and quantity of blood has decreased, red blood cell aging itself, to the utilization of iron as before. Therefore, the elderly do not pay attention to nutrition care if it is easy to suffer from anemia. In addition, dyspepsia, peptic ulcer, gastrointestinal bleeding, and chronic inflammatory disease of the elderly patients may be secondary to anemia.
2, blood viscosity, high blood lipids, platelet increase psychosis may increase the blood viscosity, blood flow is slow, resulting in insufficient blood supply to the brain, occurs easily fatigue, dizziness, fatigue and other symptoms. Which causes high cholesterol for many reasons, most important is usually irrational diet, the patient ate a lot of high-fat, cholesterol, without love of sports. At present the incidence of such diseases on the rise.
3, cerebral arteriosclerosis patients consciously dizziness, and frequent insomnia, tinnitus, mood swings, forgetfulness, limbs numb. Cerebral arteriosclerosis smaller diameter of the cerebral blood vessels, brain blood flow decreased, resulting in cerebral circulation, not getting enough oxygen, causing dizziness.
4, regular cervical neck tight, flexibility is limited, occasional pain, numb fingers, cold, a heavy feeling. Cervical vertebral artery compression of cervical hyperplasia, resulting in inadequate cerebral blood supply is the main reason for the disease dizziness.
5, except in patients with high blood pressure dizziness high blood pressure but also often accompanied by Touzhang, palpitation, irritability, tinnitus, insomnia and discomfort.
6, heart disease, early coronary heart disease, symptoms are still mild, some people may not have chest tightness, palpitations, shortness of breath and other notable not only headache, dizziness, limb weakness, the spirit of hard concentration, such as tinnitus or amnesia. Dizziness occurred at this time due mainly to coronary atherosclerosis occurred, thinner lumen to narrow, making the heart ischemia and hypoxia. The cardiac insufficiency, can result in insufficient blood supply, causing dizziness.
1, anemic If dizziness, weakness, pale performance, go to the hospital should check to see whether the basin of blood. Health status, the presence of hematopoietic tissue in vivo aged volume and quality and quantity of blood has decreased, red blood cell aging itself, to the utilization of iron as before. Therefore, the elderly do not pay attention to nutrition care if it is easy to suffer from anemia. In addition, dyspepsia, peptic ulcer, gastrointestinal bleeding, and chronic inflammatory disease of the elderly patients may be secondary to anemia.
2, blood viscosity, high blood lipids, platelet increase psychosis may increase the blood viscosity, blood flow is slow, resulting in insufficient blood supply to the brain, occurs easily fatigue, dizziness, fatigue and other symptoms. Which causes high cholesterol for many reasons, most important is usually irrational diet, the patient ate a lot of high-fat, cholesterol, without love of sports. At present the incidence of such diseases on the rise.
3, cerebral arteriosclerosis patients consciously dizziness, and frequent insomnia, tinnitus, mood swings, forgetfulness, limbs numb. Cerebral arteriosclerosis smaller diameter of the cerebral blood vessels, brain blood flow decreased, resulting in cerebral circulation, not getting enough oxygen, causing dizziness.
4, regular cervical neck tight, flexibility is limited, occasional pain, numb fingers, cold, a heavy feeling. Cervical vertebral artery compression of cervical hyperplasia, resulting in inadequate cerebral blood supply is the main reason for the disease dizziness.
5, except in patients with high blood pressure dizziness high blood pressure but also often accompanied by Touzhang, palpitation, irritability, tinnitus, insomnia and discomfort.
6, heart disease, early coronary heart disease, symptoms are still mild, some people may not have chest tightness, palpitations, shortness of breath and other notable not only headache, dizziness, limb weakness, the spirit of hard concentration, such as tinnitus or amnesia. Dizziness occurred at this time due mainly to coronary atherosclerosis occurred, thinner lumen to narrow, making the heart ischemia and hypoxia. The cardiac insufficiency, can result in insufficient blood supply, causing dizziness.
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